The symptoms of Parkinson’s disease are classified into motor symptoms and non-motor symptoms. Not every individual will experience all of these symptoms, and the severity can vary widely.

1. Motor Symptoms:
These are the most recognizable symptoms of Parkinson’s and are often used for diagnosis.

Tremors: Involuntary shaking, often starting in the hands or fingers (sometimes referred to as “resting tremors” as they occur when the muscles are relaxed).

Bradykinesia (Slowness of Movement): Movements become slower and more difficult to initiate, making everyday tasks like walking or buttoning clothes more challenging.

Rigidity: Stiff muscles that limit range of motion and cause discomfort. This can affect the arms, legs, neck, and torso.

Postural Instability: Difficulty with balance and coordination, leading to an increased risk of falls.

2. Non-Motor Symptoms:
Parkinson’s disease affects more than just movement. Non-motor symptoms can occur years before motor issues and significantly impact quality of life.

Cognitive Decline: Memory problems, trouble concentrating, or difficulty with problem-solving may develop as the disease progresses, sometimes leading to Parkinson’s dementia.

Mood Disorders: Depression, anxiety, and apathy are common in Parkinson’s, likely due to the reduced levels of dopamine and other neurotransmitters affecting brain function.

Sleep Disorders: Parkinson’s patients often experience difficulty falling or staying asleep, vivid dreams, or REM sleep behavior disorder (where they may physically act out dreams).

Fatigue: Chronic fatigue is common, even in the absence of physical exertion.

Autonomic Dysfunction: This includes problems with blood pressure regulation, digestion, bladder control, and sexual dysfunction.